The last thirty days have provided a range of macroeconomic data that helps to understand current economic trends around the world. In particular, key indicators regarding inflation, the labor market, and central bank policies indicate a complex picture of the global economy.
Let’s start with the labor market, which is one of the main points of interest for analysts. In New Zealand, the change in employment did not yield a specific number, but the unemployment rate stood at 5.4%. This indicates some stability in the labor market, although this level suggests moderate pressure on wage growth, which may affect inflation. In the United States, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data amounted to 6.87 million, which is a solid indicator of demand for workers, although it does not necessarily reflect the full situation in the labor market due to the lack of data on employment changes.
Inflation remains a key topic in monetary policy. In the USA, the Core Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) index rose by 0.3% month-on-month, indicating moderate inflationary pressure. Meanwhile, the Employment Cost Index increased by 0.8% quarter-on-quarter, which may suggest rising labor costs and potentially higher prices for consumers. In Canada, the monthly increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 0.2%, suggesting moderate economic growth that may support inflation stability.
Regarding monetary policy, several major central banks have published their decisions and reports. In Australia, the Reserve Bank set the cash rate at 4.35%, reflecting a continuation of tightening monetary policy to control inflation. The European Central Bank maintained the main refinancing rate at 2.15%, suggesting some caution in its approach to further changes in monetary policy. In the United Kingdom, the Bank of England kept the official bank rate at 3.75%, and the voting within the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) was unanimous (0-0-9), indicating a consensus on the current monetary policy.
In the context of the upcoming FOMC meeting, the current FED interest rate is 3.50-3.75%, and market expectations indicate a 93.5% probability of maintaining this rate, with only a 6.5% chance of lowering it to the range of 3.25-3.50%. This shows that the market does not expect significant changes in US monetary policy in the near future, which may be a response to a stabilizing, albeit still uncertain, inflation picture.
Market sentiment, measured by the Fear & Greed Index, is at 68/100, which classifies as "greed." This means that investors are currently more willing to take risks, which may support gains in the stock markets. Over the past month, the index has risen by 46 points from a level of 22, which is a significant change in investor sentiment and may indicate an improvement in moods in the context of stabilizing economic indicators.
In summary, the global economy shows signs of stabilization, although challenges related to inflation and the labor market still exist. Central banks, in the face of economic uncertainties, are trying to maintain a cautious monetary policy, which is reflected in their recent decisions regarding interest rates. Market expectations indicate a lack of significant changes in FED policy, which may suggest that current economic conditions are perceived as sufficiently stable not to require immediate interventions.