In the last 30 days, we have observed several significant changes and events in the global economy that impact the broader macroeconomic context. In particular, let us pay attention to data regarding inflation, the labor market, and central bank policies that shape the current economic situation.
Let’s start with an analysis of the labor market in the United States. In June, according to the report from July 2, the change in non-farm employment was only 57 thousand jobs, which was significantly below expectations of 114 thousand. Despite this, the unemployment rate fell to 4.2% from the projected 4.3%. This indicates some tensions in the labor market, where despite fewer new jobs, unemployment is decreasing, which may suggest that fewer people are actively seeking employment or that there are other factors influencing this data, such as a shift to more flexible forms of employment.
In the context of inflation, a key indicator was the Core PCE Price Index, which rose by 0.3% in June, in line with expectations. This stable growth rate may indicate controlled inflation, especially compared to higher inflation values in other regions. In Australia, for example, the annual inflation rate was 4.0% in June, which was slightly lower than expectations (4.3%), but still indicates relatively high levels. Interestingly, the monthly CPI in Australia fell by 0.7%, which may suggest a short-term weakening of inflationary pressures, possibly related to seasonal factors.
Inflation also remains in focus in Canada. The monthly CPI rose by 1.0% in June, exceeding forecasts of 0.7%. This indicates rising living costs, which may put pressure on the Bank of Canada regarding future monetary policy decisions.
Central bank policies during the discussed period were varied. The Bank of England maintained its official interest rate at 3.75% on June 18, which is in line with market expectations. This indicates a stable approach to monetary policy in the United Kingdom, at least for now. In the United States, the upcoming FOMC meeting scheduled for July 29 is generating interest, particularly in the context of the current interest rate of 3.50-3.75%. Current probabilities indicate a greater chance (74.3%) of keeping interest rates at the current level, although there is also a 25.7% chance of an increase to the range of 3.75-4.00%.
Finally, it is worth noting the market sentiment, which is often used as an indicator of investor moods. The current level of the Fear & Greed Index is 44/100, indicating a prevailing fear in the market, although it is worth noting that sentiment is gradually improving, as evidenced by a 17-point increase over the last month. This may suggest that investors are becoming more optimistic about future economic prospects, despite existing challenges.
In summary, the current broader macroeconomic context is characterized by stabilizing inflation in the United States, rising living costs in Canada and Australia, and stable monetary policy in the United Kingdom. The labor market in the U.S. shows some tensions, and the upcoming FOMC meeting may bring important decisions regarding interest rates that will further impact the shaping of the global economic environment.