In the last 30 days, global financial markets have witnessed several significant macroeconomic events that shaped investor sentiment and influenced central bank decisions. Let's start by discussing the inflation situation in various regions.
In the United Kingdom, the annual inflation rate (CPI y/y) remained at 3.0% in March 2026, which was in line with analysts' forecasts. The monthly retail sales index (Retail Sales m/m) showed a decline of 0.4%, which was a better result than the expected -0.6%, but still indicates some slowdown in consumption. These data suggest that inflationary pressure remains stable, but challenges for the retail sector may influence future decisions by the Bank of England regarding monetary policy. It is also worth noting that the voting on interest rates (MPC Official Bank Rate Votes) ended with unanimous support (0-0-9) for maintaining rates at 3.75%, indicating some caution among decision-makers.
In Australia, inflation seems to be under control, with a monthly CPI index (CPI m/m) of 0.0% and an annual rate (CPI y/y) of 3.7%, slightly below expectations of 3.8%. The Trimmed Mean CPI m/m also fell to 0.2% compared to the expected 0.3%. These data may suggest that the Australian economy is in a stabilization phase, which could influence future monetary policy actions by the Reserve Bank of Australia.
In the United States, the latest labor market data indicates stability. The number of new unemployment claims (Unemployment Claims) was 210 thousand, consistent with previous readings. Despite this, the PMI indicators for the services sector (Flash Services PMI) fell to 51.1, below the expected 52.0, which may indicate some slowdown in this sector. On the other hand, the manufacturing sector (Flash Manufacturing PMI) surprised positively, reaching 52.4 compared to predictions of 51.5. These mixed signals from the US economy may prompt the Federal Reserve to take a cautious approach when making decisions regarding interest rates.
In the eurozone, attention is drawn to the policy of the European Central Bank (ECB), which at its last meeting maintained the main refinancing rate at 2.15%. German PMI indicators showed improvement, with Flash Manufacturing PMI at 51.7, above expectations of 49.6, suggesting a recovery in the manufacturing sector. However, Flash Services PMI fell to 51.2 from the expected 52.5, indicating some challenges in the services sector.
On the global market, a significant factor influencing investor sentiment is the Fear & Greed Index, which currently stands at 10/100, classifying it as "extreme fear." This is a significant drop compared to the level of 41/100 a month ago. Such a change in market sentiment may result from uncertainty regarding the direction of monetary policy by major central banks and concerns about the future of the global economy.
Against this backdrop, today's speech by Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell is particularly anticipated. His address may provide further guidance on the Fed's future actions, especially in the context of the current interest rate maintained at 3.50-3.75%. Financial markets show a probability of 97.9% for maintaining this rate, meaning that any suggestions regarding hikes could trigger significant reactions.
In summary, the macroeconomic situation in March 2026 was varied across regions, with trends indicating stabilization of inflation alongside challenges in certain sectors of the economy. Monetary policy decisions will be crucial in the coming months, and their impact on global financial markets remains significant.