In the last 30 days, global financial markets have witnessed a series of important macroeconomic events that have impacted the monetary policy of major central banks as well as investor sentiment. One of the key areas to pay attention to is the monetary policy conducted by central banks and the labor market situation in various regions of the world.
Let's start with the Federal Reserve of the United States. Recent data indicates a stable approach to interest rate policy. Currently, the Fed's interest rate stands at 3.50-3.75%, and the probability of maintaining it at this level in the upcoming FOMC meeting, which will take place on April 29, 2026, is as high as 87.6%. This suggests that the Fed does not plan any significant changes to its monetary policy for now, which may be a response to the stabilizing inflation situation and a relatively strong labor market. It is worth noting that the number of new unemployment claims in the USA was 205 thousand, which is a better result compared to expectations of 215 thousand. This may indicate an improvement in the labor market situation, which in turn gives the Fed more room to maneuver regarding interest rate policy.
Moving to Europe, the European Central Bank (ECB) has maintained its main refinancing rate at 2.15%. This indicates that the ECB is also taking a cautious approach to changing monetary policy, which may be related to economic uncertainty in the region. The lack of change in interest rates suggests that the ECB is focusing on stabilizing the economy and monitoring the inflation situation before taking further action. In this context, it is also worth mentioning the declining market sentiment, which indicates extreme fear. The Fear & Greed Index shows a score of 15/100, which is a significant drop compared to previous readings. A month ago, this index was at 44/100, indicating that investor sentiment has worsened significantly over the month.
In the United Kingdom, the Bank of England decided to maintain its official bank rate at 3.75%. This decision aligns with the unanimous voting of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) members, reflecting consistency in the approach to monetary policy. However, the increase in the number of people applying for unemployment benefits, which reached 24.7 thousand, although slightly below expectations of 25.8 thousand, may suggest some tensions in the labor market that could influence future monetary policy decisions.
Meanwhile, in Switzerland, the Swiss National Bank (SNB) has kept its policy rate at 0.00%, consistent with its previous policy. The SNB, like other central banks, is taking a cautious approach to changing monetary policy, which may be related to global economic uncertainty and the need to maintain financial stability.
In Asia, the Bank of Japan also did not change its policy, keeping the interest rate below 0.75%. Japan continues its low-interest-rate policy, which is part of a long-term strategy aimed at supporting economic growth in the face of deflation and low economic growth.
In Australia, despite the unemployment rate rising to 4.3% from the expected level of 4.1%, the labor market showed some signs of recovery. Employment increased by 48.9 thousand, significantly exceeding forecasts of 20.8 thousand. This suggests that the Australian labor market is experiencing some positive changes, which could influence future monetary policy decisions by the Reserve Bank of Australia.
Finally, it is worth noting New Zealand, where economic growth measured by GDP was 0.2% quarter-on-quarter, which is below expectations of 0.5%. This may indicate some economic slowdown that could influence future monetary policy decisions in the country.
In summary, in the face of global economic uncertainty, central banks around the world are taking a cautious approach to monetary policy, trying to balance between supporting economic growth and controlling inflation. The situation in the labor market, although showing some signs of recovery in certain regions, remains a key factor influencing interest rate decisions. Market sentiment, measured by the Fear & Greed Index, indicates increasing caution among investors, which may influence future movements in financial markets.